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| EARTH AND SUN DIGEST 2005/01/27 Christmas Quake of 2004, Continued |
The Past Week Ticker YEAR: 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 SPECIAL NOTES: The count in June 2000 was inclusive. The count in December 2004 started with an 8M, then the 9M on Christmas, with aftershocks into January and continuing, with January (incomplete). So far the number of 6M or greater quakes after the Christmas quake is 39. The relation to the sunspot cycle is apparent. Sunspot cycles occur about every 11.3 years, with the minimum due in 2006/2007. One can see the increase in big quakes at the end of the last cycle in 1995/1996, whereas the recent solar maximum for sunspots was in 2001. The last three 9M quakes were a 9.5M in 1960 in late May in Chile, a 9.2M in 1964 on Good Friday in Alaska, and the recent 9.0M with tsunami in 2004 on Christmas in Indonesia. All had high mortality, but that with the Christmas quake with tsunami appears to be an historical record. Global Earthquakes of 5.0 to 5.9M thru Wednesday--26 (Japan-4, SoPacific-4); seven quakes of 6M or greater: 1/27 6.0M NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION, 1/26 6.1M OFF W COAST OF NORTHERN SUMATRA, 1/24 6.1M NEAR COAST OF ECUADOR, 1/24 6.3M NICOBAR ISLANDS, INDIA REGION, 1/23 6.1M EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA, 1/23 6.3M SULAWESI, INDONESIA, 1/22 6.4M SOLOMON ISLANDS. California and Nevada earthquakes in past week--330; no quakes 4M or greater Interactive map Earthquake data . Volcanic ash near Jet Stream (at 5 mi/8 km)--none http://Ash data Sunspot No. high and low--69 on 21 January to 40 on 23 January Largest and smallest daily area of sunspots--1580 on 20 January to 160 on 26 January (100=Earth-size) X-Class Solar Flares: one on 20 January; last M-Class flares (5+/day): six on 15 January (See updating site at www.sel.noaa.gov/today.html ) Planetary Geomagnetic A Indices: high of 61 for 21 January; five or more Kp's of 4 (or more) per 24 hours: 22-23 January; high no. of Kp's of 3 per 24 hours this week: five on 22 January (Data is upgraded at the source as needed without notice.) Northern Ash and Gas Eruptions north of latitude 23°N. KLIUCHEVSKOI Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia 56.06°N, 160.64°E; summit elev. 4,835 m (5.6 km) during 14-21 January gas-and-steam plumes to ~5.6 km ST. HELENS Washington, USA 46.20°N, 122.18°W; summit elev. 2,549 m (2.6 km) during 19-25 January growth of the new lava dome inside the crater of St. Helens continuing, accompanied by low rates of seismicity, low emissions of steam and volcanic gases, and minor production of ash, eruption on 16 January around 1100 explosive of ash and volcanic blocks several hundred meters NE of the lava dome with craters up to 1 m in diameter, ash thick in E and W parts of the crater and drifting eastward over the rim depositing a thin layer of gray ash on the E flank outward for at least 3 kilometers, the entire lava dome increasing in volume from 30 to 34 million cubic meters, an average rate of about 2 cubic meters per second, a decrease from autumn 2004 rates VENIAMINOF Alaska Peninsula, USA 56.17°N, 159.38°W; summit elev. 2,507 m (4 km) during 14-21 January low-level ash emissions, during clear weather satellite imagery showing anomalous heat at the summit cone, consistent with hot blocks and ash ejected from the active vent, the web camera showing intermittent ash plumes as high as 3 km, occasional stronger bursts during 20-21 January not above 4 km Equatorial Ash and Gas Eruptions at less than 23°N or S CANLAON Philippines 10.41°N, 123.13°E; summit elev. 2,435 m (2.9 km) a brief ash emission around 0130 on 21 January to an approximate height of 2.9 km above the active crater ANATAHAN Mariana Islands, central Pacific Ocean 16.35°N, 145.67°E; summit elev. 788 m (4.5 km) the third historical eruption beginng on 5 January with explosions occasionally through about 19 January, the apparent cessation of Strombolian activity lasting until late 22 January, when sudden resumption; peak at about 2100 on 22 January, ash to heights of 3-4.5 km, explosions still frequent and strong as of 24 January COLIMA western México 19.514°N,103.62°W; summit elev. ~3,850 m (6.3 km) during 19-24 January several explosions daily at Colima, to heights of 6.3 km on 25 and 26 January FUEGO Guatemala 14.47°N, 90.88°W; summit elev. 3,763 m (5.1 km) during 24-25 January several weak-to-moderate explosions producing ash plumes to a maximum height of 5.1 km, eruptions accompanied by avalanches of incandescent volcanic blocks towards several ravines KILAUEA Hawaii, USA 19.43°N, 155.29°W; summit elev. 1,222 m (0) during 19-25 January surface lava visible along the arms of the PKK lava flow traveling down the Pulama pali fault scarp, over Paliuli, and onto the coastal flat, lava not entering the sea MANAM offshore New Guinea, Papua New Guinea 4.10°S, 145.06°E; summit elev. 1,807 m (1.9 km) during 18-20 January steam plumes emitted from Southern Crater and Main Crater, small amounts of ash fell in the town of Waris on 20 January PACAYA southern Guatemala 14.38°N, 90.60°W; summit elev. 2,552 m (0) during 24-25 January lava flows traveling 150 m down the volcano's SW flank POPOCATÉPETL México 19.02°N, 98.62°W; summit elev. 5,426 m (5.5 km) an explosion on 22 January producing a NE-drifting ash plume RABAUL New Britain Island, Papua New Guinea 4.271°S, 152.203°E; summit elev. 688 m (1.2 km) ash emissions commencing on 25 January, ash to ~1.2 km drifting E SOUFRIÈRE HILLS Montserrat, West Indies 16.72°N, 62.18°W; summit elev. 1,052 m (0) during 14-21 January two hybrid earthquakes and two rockfalls, sulfur-dioxide flux rates of 300 and 380 metric tons per day on 15 and 16 January, respectively TUNGURAHUA Ecuador 1.47°S, 78.44°W; summit elev. 5,023 m (6 km) during 19-24 January several emissions of steam, gas, and ash, the plumes rising to a maximum height of ~6 km and drifting in multiple directions All ash elevations are in km above sea level (a.s.l.) and times are converted to UTC. EARTH The FIVE Index has the last column giving the eight daily Solar data from http://www.sec.noaa.gov/ Comments or questions are welcome. Donald J. Boon, editor. Follow Ups: ● EXTRA! Volcano Erupts to 70,000 Feet - Canie 08:50:27 - 2/1/2005 (24705) (0) |
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